Renal and urinary tract disorders
1. The nurse is providing postprocedure care for a patient who underwent extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy for the treatment of renal calculi. The nurse should instruct the patient to: ?
A. limit oral fl uid intake for 1 to 2 weeks.
B. report the presence of fi ne, sandlike particles in the urine.
C. notify the practitioner about cloudy or foul -smelling urine.
D. report bright pink urine within 24 hours after the procedure.
2. The nurse is planning a teaching session for a female patient who had a UTI. Which point should the nurse include ?
A. Limit fl uid intake to reduce the need to urinate.
B. Take the prescribed antibiotic until symptoms subside.
C. Notify the practitioner if urinary urgency, burning, frequency, or diffi culty occurs.
D. Wear only nylon underwear to reduce the chance of irritation .
3. The nurse is caring for a patient with acute renal failure. The nurse should expect hypertonic glucose, insulin infusions, and sodium bicarbonate to be used to treat: ?
A. hypernatremia
B. hypokalemia.
C. hypercalcemia.
D. hyperkalemia.
4. The nurse is teaching a patient with chronic renal failure which foods to avoid. It would be most accurate for the nurse to teach the patient to avoid foods high in: ?
A. monosaccharides.
B. disaccharides.
C. iron.
D. protein.
5. A patient with acute renal failure is being assessed to determine whether the cause is prerenal, renal, or postrenal. If the cause is prerenal, which condition most likely caused it ?
A. Heart failure requirements
B. Glomerulonephritis
C. Ureterolithiasis
D. Aminoglycoside toxicity
6. When teaching a patient how to prevent the recurrence of acute glomerulonephritis, which instruction should the nurse include ?
A. “Avoid physical activity.”
B. “Strain all urine.”
C. “Seek early treatment for respiratory infections.”
D. “Monitor urine specifi c gravity daily.”
7. A patient diagnosed with chronic renal failure is told he must start hemodialysis. During patient teaching, the nurse should instruct the patient to: ?
A. follow a high -potassium diet.
B. strictly follow the hemodialysis schedule.
C. recognize that the disorder will cause lifestyle changes.
D. use alcohol to clean the skin because of integumentary changes.
8. A patient has an indwelling urinary catheter, and urine is leaking from a hole in the collection bag. Which nursing intervention would be most appropriate ?
A. Cover the hole with tape.
B. Remove the catheter and collection bag, replace the bag, and insert a new catheter, using sterile technique.
C. Disconnect the drainage bag from the catheter and replace it with a new bag.
D. Place a towel under the bag to prevent spillage of urine on the fl oor, which could cause the patient to slip and fall.
9. During a health history, which statement by a patient indicates a risk of renal calculi ?
A. “I’ve been drinking a lot of cola and soft drinks lately.”
B. “I’ve been jogging more than usual.”
C. “I’ve had more stress since we adopted a child last year.”
D. “I’m a vegetarian and eat cheese two or three times each day.”
10. Diuretics are ordered for a patient. What would be the best time of day for the nurse to schedule this medication?
A. Anytime
B. Nighttime
C. Morning
D. Noon